In-depth filtration is performed using porous filtration media (e.g, porous cartridges) with a thickness much higher than the desired particle size in the paint. Undesired particles are held in the pores of the filter and, thus the paint is filtered.

General industrial coatings

Segment of industrial coatings market that covers the sub-segments which are not classified as seperate technical or commercial groups. According to Paint Research Association (PRA), these sub-segments are as follows: Heavy Duty Coatings, Heating, Ventilation and Conditioning Coatings; Auto Ancillary Industry Coatings; Metal Furniture, Accessories and Connections Coatings, General Metal Industry Coatings. However, since industrial structure in Turkey has some differences with those in highly developed industrial countries, the General Industrial Coatings segment in Turkey, includes some other activity fields which PRA classifies as seperate segments of Industrial Coatings market. In line with this, General Industrial Coatings activities in Kansai-Altan are structured to serve the following sub-segments: Agricultural Vehicle Coatings, Heavy Duty Machinery Coatings, Steel Construction Coatings, Construction Material Coatings, Household Instrument Coatings, General Metal Industry Coatings. See Also Industrial Coatings

Industrial coatings

Due to the market dynamics as well as the sophistication of paint technologies, industrial coatings market is divided into sub categories. Prestigious UK based research institute Paint Research Association (PRA) defines these categories as, automotive OEM, automotive refinish, motorcycles, trucks, buses and other vehicles, rail, marine, aircraft, protective coatings, industrial wood coatings, agriculture, construction and earthmoving, pre-coated metal sheet and extrusions, metal packaging coatings, general industrial coatings. Some fields of activity in the Industrial coatings market in Turkey do not have sizes enough to classify them as seperate market segments. Therefore, they are included in the segment called General Industrial Coatings. See Also General industrial coatings

Automotive OEM coatings

Paints applied to automotive products in OEMs' paintshops for bringing protection and visual attraction to cars. Nowadays, coating system of a passenger car is composed of following layers with their functions given in parenthesis.
1) Cathodic Electro Deposition (CED) primer applied by dipping (to provide high corrosion resistance).
2) Primer surfacer applied by spraying (to increase stone chip resistance and to smooth the surface for topcoating).
3) Top coat layers applied by spraying (to increase exterior durability of coating system and to bring an appearance with glossy and attractive colors that last for long periods).

Marine coatings

Coatings with superior corrosion and water resistance used for yachts, commercial and naval marine vehicles and containers for sea transportation.

Hiding of paint over the real subtrate to be coated is called industrial hiding. It is determined by applying gradually increasing subsequent layers on the real substrate (sometimes it can be a bare surface or primed surface with a certain color.) If the color difference obtained by color measuring device, between two subsequent layers (a thicker film after a thin film) is less than 0.3 (DE<0.3), the film thickness at that point is defined as industrial hiding.

General name for chemicals that activate the unsaturated reactive molecule by converting the molecule to a free radical, an organic cation or an organic anion during addition polymerization. Most widely used initiators are, peroxide compounds, azo compounds, alkaline metal alkyls and boron trifloride. The initiators that start to act under the influence of light energy (e.g. UV) are called photoinitiators.

Photoinitiators

See Initiators

Inorganic based pigments, most of which are formed by metal oxides, metal oxide mixtures and carbon black. Almost all inorganic pigments used today are obtained synthetically.

General name for surface treatment operations applied to enhance corrosion resistance of metal surface and to improve adhesion of organic coatings. Iron phosphate coatings are obtained by converting the iron atoms already present on the metal surface to iron phosphate molecules by using phosphoric acid rich compounds. On the other hand, zinc phosphate or phosphate-nickel-manganese (trication) phosphate coatings are obtained by formation of a thick crystalline layer that enables higher corrosion resistance than iron phosphate coatings.

Determination of color defining parameters by colorimeter and spectrometer.

See Also Colorimeter, Colorimeter, Color Spectrometer

Colorimeter

An instrument that measures color characteristics according to the intensity of excitement of three receptor cells in our eyes. Colorimeters define a color using “tristimulus values” which are the blue, green and red present in a color.

Color Spectrometer

An instrument that measures the color by dispersing the light coming from a colored surface to its detector by passing through a prism into its component wavelengths and determining amount of light ray at each wavelength. See Also Colorimeter
 

Insulating putties found applications in automotive OEM, automotive refinish aerospace industry and water craft industry. Main purpose of using insulating putties is to prevent transfer of water, humidity, chemical and gas by elastically sealing of edge joint points and junction points of coated objects. Furthermore, providing a sound insulation by its flexible and porous (some types) structure and again providing heat insulation by its low heat conductivity and porous (some types) structure are the main purposes of using insulating putties.

Coating defect described by the insufficient adhesion observed between the successive layers of a coating system. Successive application of chemically incompatible layers, and degradation of surface active compounds due to overbaking of lower layers can be typical factors causing intercoat adhesion failure.

Light rays falling on transparent thin plates with a thickness close to wavelength, are reflected separately from top and bottom surfaces of the thin plate. These separately reflected light rays undergo a physical interaction called “interference” and perceived as different colors. These colors, especially observed with pearlescent pigments, are called “interference colors”.

Type of coating applied between the primer and top coat in heavy duty coating applications in order to obtain the adequate total coating thickness.

Natural or synthetic oxides of iron are considered to be the oldest and the most widely used pigments. Oxides of the Fe2O3 structure are red, Fe2O3xH2O structure are yellow, Fe3O4 structure are black, and different mixtures of FeO and Fe2O3 are used as brown pigments.

Alcohol similar to n-butanol in terms of solvent strength.
Chemical name: Isobutyl alcohol, 2-methylpropane-1-ol
Chemical formula: 

Boiling point: 108°C; evaporation number relative to ether: 25, specific gravity: 0,803; refractive index: 1,3959; flash point: 27°C

Type of acetate similar to n-butyl acetate in terms of solvent properties.
Chemical name: Acetic acid isobutyl ester
Chemical formula: 

Boiling point: 117,2°C; evaporation number relative to ether: 7,7, specific gravity: 0,870; refractive index: 1,3902; flash point: 18°C

Solvent having similar but weaker solvent properties to butyl acetate.
Chemical name: Isobutyric acid isobutyl ester
Chemical formula:
Boiling point: 140,7°C; evaporation number relative to ether: 21, specific gravity: 0,853; refractive index: 1,3999; flash point: 37°C

General name for compounds, having NCO functional groups, formed by reaction of polyisocyanate monomers with their own kind or with polyols over some of their isocyanate (NCO) groups (e.g., Toluenediisocyanate and trimethylol propane prepolymers, biurets of hexamethylenediidocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and water prepolymers etc.).

Polyisocyanate having outdoor durability as good as hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), but lower flexibility than HMDI. For polyurethane coatings, its prepolymer is used instead of IPDI due to the occupational health concerns. Monomeric IPDI, like other monomeric isocyanates, partially evaporates at room temperature and leads to health risks.
Chemical name: 5-isocyanate-1-(isocyanomethyl)-1,3,3- trimethylcyclohexane
Chemical formula: 

Isophtalic acid is obtained by oxidation of m-Xylene. When used in unsaturated polyester and alkyd formulations instead of phtalic anhydride, resins are obtained with better thermal and chemical resistance and mechanical strength.
Chemical name: Benzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid
Chemical formula: 
Melting point: 347°C

Alcohol that dissolves urea and melamine formaldehyde resins, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl butyral, in addition to being widely used as a thinner for resins together with aromatic solvents.
Chemical name: Isopropyl alcohol, propane-2-ol
Chemical formula: 

Boiling point: 82,4°C; evaporation number relative to ether: 10, specific gravity: 0,785; refractive index: 1,3772; flash point: 12°C